Fermented Elderberry Syrup

With no cooking—just a little bit of time—this two ingredient recipe transforms the humble black elderberry into a rich, flavorful syrup that will brighten up anything from drinks to pancakes to roast duck. The intense berry taste will have you wanting to make it again and again!

Elevate the Humble Elderberry

For most, the word “berries” evokes the go-tos: blueberries, strawberries, raspberries, and maybe blackberries. However, in North America alone there are hundreds of species of berries, most of which have never seen the light of the misty refrigerated grocery shelf. Why is this? Well, berries themselves are finicky things. They bruise easily, or have a very short shelf life. And some berries, native to only certain regions of the country, just don’t enjoy awareness and aren’t in wide demand.

And for many home cooks, elderberries aren’t even an afterthought. Instead, they’re relegated to the cold and flu section of the grocery store, in a bottled form alongside cough medicine, or in a hard candy-like form promising to boost your immune system. It’s true that elderberries have been used medicinally for thousands of years, but their culinary value should not be overlooked: it’s an exciting new world of berry flavor like you’ve never tasted before.

Where to Find Elderberries

First, where to get your elderberries? If your USDA hardiness zone is 3-8, congrats! Elderberries are more likely to grow here than in warmer zones, or very cold zones. If you’d like to venture out to forage your own, take a look at Simply Recipes’ foraging guide for elderberries. 

Otherwise, there are a few online sources for fresh and frozen elderberries such as Foraged Market and Northwest Wild Foods. I use black elderberries here (either American or European is fine), and you can also use blue elderberries if those are available to you. Red elderberries have a reputation for toxic seeds, though Native Americans used them in the Pacific Northwest for centuries. However, the berries also have a reputation for being bitter, so we don’t recommend them. If you have any experience or insights with them, please share in the comments. 

Safe Handling of Elderberries

Searching the internet, you’re very likely to encounter recipes for cooked elderberry syrup, with warnings that the berries must be cooked to remove the toxins. To be clear, yes: the leaves and stems of the plant should not be consumed, and they are not safe to eat. But you don’t want that in your syrup anyways!

I source my elderberries from Northwest Wild Foods, who do an extremely excellent job of keeping most stems out of the package (I get them shipped flash frozen and have used those to test this recipe). But please, do not panic if a few tiny pieces make it into the final batch, as they will have no ill effect on you. 

It’s true that the raw berries themselves need to go through a transformation—whether through cooking or fermentation—so that they are suitable for digestion. And even after that process is completed, it’s not advisable to eat more than a spoonful of the cooked or fermented elderberries a day, as they can cause digestive problems, and for some people there can be an increased risk of an allergic reaction. 

For the Best Flavor, Ferment, Don’t Cook

Now, while you can either cook or ferment the berries, fermentation produces the best, richest tasting syrup of the two. The taste is sweet-tart with a wine-like finish. While you use quite a lot of sugar to aid in the fermentation, the sweetness is not cloying, and that sugar is needed to feed the naturally occurring yeast on the elderberries as they ferment. In contrast, cooking the berries will give them a more muted, “cooked” taste, and will drastically reduce the brightness of the elderberry.

Ways to Use Fermented Elderberry Syrup

Elderberry syrup is super versatile and will brighten any drink or food it’s added to. Here are a few of my favorite ways to use it.

• A teaspoon mixed with sparkling water for a nonalcoholic drink
• Substitute the kir liqueur with elderberry syrup for a more berry intense Kir Royale cocktail
• Drizzle the syrup over pancakes, waffles, crepes
• A little drizzle on vanilla ice cream or yogurt
• You can go savory as well, with some spooned over pan-roasted duck or a turkey breast

Tips and Tricks

• Depending on a variety of factors, your fermentation may be slow to start. The key to catching the beginnings of fermentation is to look for tiny bubbles that start to appear around the edges of the liquid. These will appear first, and then slightly larger bubbles will appear, and you’ll notice bubbles moving up through the liquid when it really gets going. 
• You can use either organic granulated sugar or regular white sugar. Stay away from powdered sugars or extra fine sugars that might have anti-caking agents in them. 
• Don’t discard the steeped elderberries when you’re done! These can be kept refrigerated for several months and used sparingly as well to add a bit of berry crunch atop sweet and savory foods.  
• You can freeze the syrup into smaller portions in silicone ice cube trays. Freezing will prolong the life of the syrup up to 1 year.

More Fermentation Projects

• How to Make Sauerkraut
• How to Make Kombucha at Home
• Instant Pot Yogurt
• Tepache
• Fermented Garlic Honey